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尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖(UDPG)是一种重要的糖类物质合成前体。生物法合成具有低成本、无污染和高立体选择性等传统化学法不具备的优势。利用纯酶催化的生物法以基于Leloir途径改进的一锅法、蔗糖合酶催化的两步法以及糖合成反应可逆催化等产UDPG,实现了UDPG的高产。全细胞催化法利用稳定的胞内酶系产UDPG,胞内生成的UDPG作为底物直接参与产物的催化合成,可行性高且成本更低。综述了酶法和全细胞催化法合成UDPG这两种最主要生物法的研究进展。
Uridine diphosphate (UDPG) is an important carbohydrate precursor. The biological synthesis has the advantages of low cost, non-pollution and high stereoselectivity and other traditional chemical methods do not have the advantage. The pure production of UDPG was achieved by using pure enzyme-catalyzed biotransformation, such as one-pot method based on Leloir pathway improvement, sucrose synthase-catalyzed two-step method and sugar synthesis reaction. Whole-cell catalysis uses UDPG, which is a stable intracellular enzyme, and UDPG, an intracellular enzyme, which is directly involved in the catalytic synthesis of the product. It is feasible and cost-effective. This review summarizes the progress in the two most important biological methods for the synthesis of UDPG by enzymatic and whole cell catalysis.