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目的了解贵州省城镇居民和农村青壮年居民艾滋病相关知识水平和态度,为艾滋病防治工作提供依据。方法采用与规模大小成比例(PPS)的两阶段分层抽样法选择了583名城镇居民和429名农村居民,由调查员对调查对象进行一对一的问卷调查。问卷内容包括人口学信息、艾滋病一般知识、艾滋病传播知识、艾滋病预防知识、对艾滋病和艾滋病人的态度和其他关于艾滋病的信念等,随后对两类人群的部分结果进行了比较。结果城镇居民的艾滋病知识平均得分为15.48分,农村居民的艾滋病知识平均得分为9.75分(总分22分)。城镇居民的艾滋病知识水平高于农村居民,农村居民比城镇居民对艾滋病和感染者更具歧视性。两类人群对艾滋病知识存在很多误区。与艾滋病知识水平相关的因素主要有居住在示范区、文化程度、性别及职业。结论应采用多种方式开展艾滋病宣传教育,提高城镇居民和农村居民的艾滋病知识知晓率,减少歧视。
Objective To understand the knowledge and attitudes of AIDS in urban residents and rural young people in Guizhou Province and provide evidence for AIDS prevention and treatment. Methods 583 urban residents and 429 rural residents were selected using a two-stage stratified sampling method that is proportional to size (PPS). The investigators conducted a one-on-one questionnaire survey of the respondents. The questionnaire included demographic information, general knowledge of AIDS, knowledge of AIDS transmission, knowledge of AIDS prevention, attitudes towards people living with HIV and AIDS, and other beliefs about AIDS, followed by a comparison of some of the results of the two groups of people. As a result, the average score of AIDS knowledge among urban residents was 15.48, and the average score of AIDS knowledge among rural residents was 9.75 (22 points total). Urban residents have higher levels of AIDS knowledge than rural residents. Rural residents are more discriminatory against HIV/AIDS than urban residents. There are many misunderstandings about the knowledge of AIDS in both groups of people. The factors related to the level of AIDS knowledge mainly include living in the demonstration area, education level, gender and occupation. Conclusions A variety of methods should be used to carry out HIV/AIDS education and education, increase awareness of AIDS knowledge among urban residents and rural residents, and reduce discrimination.