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目的了解湘西少数民族地区大学生乙型肝炎(乙肝)防治知识、态度及行为现状,为制定有效的乙肝防治措施提供理论依据。方法本团队于2015年9―12月采用分层整群抽样法,对湘西地区615名在校大学生的乙肝防治知识进行问卷调查,计数资料采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果湘西地区大学生对肝炎病毒分类的知晓率较低,仅为12.7%,而对乙肝防治知识的知晓率相对较高。大部分学生能够以正确的态度对待乙肝病毒携带者,但也有少部分学生对乙肝病毒携带者有一定的抵触心理。医学与非医学类专业大学生以及不同年级大学生对乙肝传播途径的知晓率对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论湘西地区大学生对乙肝相关防治知识掌握不全面、不系统、不均衡。高校应根据不同专业、不同年级大学生乙肝KAP特点,有针对性地进行健康指导,从而提高大学生乙肝自我防护意识。
Objective To understand the knowledge, attitude and behavior of hepatitis B (HB) prevention and treatment among undergraduates in minority nationality areas in western Hunan and to provide a theoretical basis for formulating effective prevention and treatment measures of hepatitis B. Methods The team conducted a stratified cluster sampling method from September to December 2015 to conduct a questionnaire survey on the prevention and treatment of hepatitis B in 615 undergraduates in western Hunan Province. Chi-square test was used to count the data, and the difference was statistically significant at P <0.05. Results The awareness rate of hepatitis virus among undergraduates in Xiangxi was low, only 12.7%, while the knowledge of prevention and treatment of hepatitis B was relatively high. Most students can treat hepatitis B virus carriers with a correct attitude, but there are also a few students who have some resistance to hepatitis B virus carriers. There was significant difference in the awareness of hepatitis B transmission between medical students and non-medical students as well as college students of different grades (P <0.05). Conclusion The knowledge of hepatitis B prevention and control among undergraduates in western Hunan is not comprehensive, unsystematic and unbalanced. Colleges and universities should be based on different majors, different grades of hepatitis B KAP characteristics, targeted health guidance, thereby enhancing awareness of hepatitis B self-protection of college students.