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1955年,美国经济学家库兹涅茨在《经济增长和收人不平等》一文中提出了“收人差别倒U假设”理论.他认为,“收人分配不平等的长期趋势可以假设为:在前工业文明向工业文明过渡的经济增长早期阶段迅速扩大,尔后是短暂的稳定,然后在增长的后期阶段逐渐缩小.”即是说在资本主义私有制经济发展初期,收人分配不平等逐步加剧,经济增长达到一定水平之后,分配差距又会缩小.分配差距的长期趋势类似于一个倒写的U字(或抛物线型).
In 1955, American economist Kuznets proposed the theory of “inverted U hypothesis of income difference” in his article “Economic Growth and Income Inequality.” He argues that “the long-term trend of inequality in income distribution can be assumed to be : Rapid expansion in the early stages of economic growth in the transition from industrial civilization to industrial civilization followed by a temporary stabilization followed by a gradual reduction in the later stages of growth. ”In other words, in the early period of the development of a privately owned capitalist economy, income inequality gradually increased When the economic growth reaches a certain level, the distribution gap will be narrowed. The long-term trend of the distribution gap is similar to an inverted U (or parabola).