论文部分内容阅读
目的:掌握湖州市蓄电池组装生产企业职业性铅危害现状,为制定防治策略提供依据。方法:采用横断面调查方法,对该市所有蓄电池组装生产企业39家进行现场职业卫生学调查、工作场所空气铅烟铅尘浓度检测,并对所有在岗劳动者进行健康检查。结果:工作场所包片、称片、焊接和入槽4个岗位的铅烟(尘)平均浓度分别为0.09、0.11、0.11、0.13m g/m3。6 728名劳动者血铅浓度均值为(334.09±156.23)μg/L,血铅超标率为32.80%(血铅浓度≥400μg/L)。以血铅作为应变量,性别、年龄、工种、工龄作为自变量进行多元回归分析,结果显示不同年龄、性别和工种(装配工种、包片工种、封盖工种、其他工种、加酸工种、包装工种、焊接工种、称片工种和入槽工种)劳动者的血铅值间差异均具有统计学意义。结论:该市蓄电池组装企业工作场所空气中铅烟(尘)浓度超标严重,劳动者健康状况不容乐观;相关部门应加强监管,督促企业改进防护设施降低工作场所铅烟铅尘浓度,强化个人防护和健康监护,有效预防和控制铅中毒发生。
Objective: To master the status quo of occupational lead hazards in battery assembly manufacturing enterprises in Huzhou City, and to provide the basis for the formulation of prevention and control strategies. Methods: By means of cross-sectional survey, 39 on-site occupational hygiene surveys were conducted on all 39 manufacturers of battery assemblies in the city, and the concentration of lead and lead dust in the workplace was tested. All in-service workers were inspected for their health. Results: The average concentration of lead smoke (dust) in the four positions including slice, slice, weld and slot in the workplace were 0.09,0.11,0.11,0.13mg / m3 respectively. The average blood lead concentration of 728 laborers was (334.09 ± 156.23) μg / L, the blood lead exceeding standard rate was 32.80% (blood lead concentration ≥400 μg / L). Blood lead as a dependent variable, sex, age, type of work, length of service as an independent variable multiple regression analysis showed that different age, gender and type of work (assembly workers, carded jobs, capping jobs, other types of work, add acid work, packaging Type of work, welding type, said the type of work and into the slot workers) laborers blood lead values were statistically significant differences. Conclusion: The concentration of lead (dust) in the air of the battery assembly enterprises in the workplace is exceeding the standard, and the health condition of workers is not optimistic. Relevant departments should strengthen supervision and urge enterprises to improve their protective facilities to reduce the concentration of lead and lead dust in the workplace and strengthen personal protection And health monitoring, effective prevention and control of lead poisoning.