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纳米晶在生物检测、光电器件、光波导、可调激光器等领域有着广泛的应用前景.本文以CdTe为例,对近年来水相纳米晶合成和生长机理方面的研究进展作了简要的归纳和论述.水相合成纳米晶具有操作简单、价格低廉、在水溶液中稳定性高等优点,并可以通过静电力、范德华力等弱相互作用实现一维、二维甚至三维结构的组装.对纳米晶的生长机理的研究涵盖了热力学主导的Ostwald熟化(Ostwald ripening)机理和动力学控制的聚集机理两个主要方面.文章最后对水相合成CdTe纳米晶的应用进行了总结和展望.
Nanocrystals have wide applications in biological detection, optoelectronic devices, optical waveguides, tunable lasers and other fields.In this paper, CdTe is taken as an example to make a brief summary of the recent progress in the synthesis and growth mechanism of aqueous nanocrystals Discussion: Aqueous nanocrystals have the advantages of simple operation, low cost, high stability in aqueous solution and the assembly of one-dimensional, two-dimensional and even three-dimensional structures through the weak interaction of electrostatic force and van der Waals forces. The study of growth mechanism covers two main aspects of the thermodynamically-dominated Ostwald ripening mechanism and the kinetic-controlled aggregation mechanism.In the end, the application of water-phase synthesis of CdTe nanocrystals is summarized and prospected.