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以新疆农八师121团为研究区,根据1982年第二次全国土壤普查养分数据和2004年5月采样获得的土壤养分数据,利用地统计学和GIS空间分析技术,研究了冲积平原绿洲土壤养分的时空变异性。结果表明:速效钾具有强烈的空间相关性,全氮、速效磷和碱解氮具有中等的空间相关性;而全磷和有机质则从1982年具有强烈空间相关性逐渐演变为2004年具有中等的空间相关性。分析认为:长期的耕作、施肥的变化、种植结构的变化等随机性人为因素,导致全氮、速效磷、碱解氮、全磷和有机质从主要由气候、母质等结构性因素影响逐渐演变为结构性因素和人为因素共同影响,尤其是全磷和有机质受到人为因素的影响逐渐加大;而速效钾则主要受研究区域土壤母质、土壤类型等的影响。
Based on the data of the Second National Soil Survey Nutrient Data of 1982 and the soil nutrient data obtained from sampling in May of 2004, the 121th group of Xinjiang Natsumi-8th Division was taken as the research area. Based on the geostatistics and GIS spatial analysis techniques, the alluvial soils Spatial and temporal variability of nutrients. The results showed that available potassium had a strong spatial correlation, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available nitrogen had a moderate spatial correlation; and total phosphorus and organic matter from 1982 with a strong spatial correlation gradually evolved into 2004 with a moderate Spatial correlation. The analysis shows that the long-term tillage, fertilization change and planting structure change are random human factors, resulting in the change of total nitrogen, available phosphorus, basic nitrogen, total phosphorus and organic matter from structural factors such as climate and parent material to Structural factors and human factors together, especially the total phosphorus and organic matter by human factors gradually increased; and available potassium is mainly affected by the study area of soil parent material, soil types and so on.