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随着人口的迅速增长,粮食问题已成为人类生存的关键问题。剧增的人口将给为人类提供粮食的农业生产带来严峻的挑战。由于病菌侵染造成的作物产量损失是巨大的。当前,防治病害的主要策略是改进栽培措施和施用化学杀菌剂。但这只能从一定程度上控制病害的流行而不能从根本上解决问题,而且化学药剂所带来的环境污染和病原抗药性生理小种的形成等问题也给病害防治造成了更大的障碍。自上世纪90年代以来,分子生物学理论和技术不断发展完善,使人们能够从分子水平上研究植物与病原菌的相互作用,植物基因工
With the rapid population growth, the food issue has become a key issue for humankind’s survival. The dramatic increase in population will pose serious challenges to agricultural production that provides food for humankind. Crop yield losses due to pathogen infection are enormous. Currently, the main strategies for disease control are to improve cultivation practices and apply chemical fungicides. However, this can only control the epidemic of diseases to a certain extent and can not fundamentally solve the problem, and the problems caused by the environmental pollution caused by chemical agents and the formation of pathogen-resistant physiological races also pose greater obstacles to disease prevention and control . Since the 90s of the last century, the theory and technology of molecular biology have been continuously developed and improved, enabling people to study the interaction between plants and pathogenic bacteria at the molecular level. Plant genetics