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离子束注入是用于植物和微生物品种改良及新品种、品系选育的一门被广泛应用的技术,离子束注入在向日葵中应用的相关报道非常少。本试验利用不同剂量的N+离子束分别处理向日葵美二和星火种子,研究对其生理特性的影响。结果如下:随着处理剂量加大,向日葵种子变异的几率呈现出先升后降的趋势。发芽率和发芽势随着处理剂量的增加出现先逐渐降低最后又回升的趋势,星火对N+离子束的耐受力比美二强,在更高的剂量处理下发芽率和发芽势才开始大幅下降。N+离子束处理后,两种向日葵幼苗中的过氧化氢酶(Catalase,CAT)活性基本上均比对照高,并且星火中的CAT活性基本都比美二中的要高。超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase,SOD)在不同品种中的表现不同,在美二中不同剂量处理后的幼苗体内SOD酶活性与对照相比均有大幅下降,而在星火中则有升有降,且经N+离子束处理后星火中的SOD活性均高于美二。丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA)含量总体来讲,处理后两个品种幼苗体内的MDA含量均高于对照,且美二体内的MDA含量要高于星火。试验结果表明:不同剂量N+离子束处理会影响向日葵的发芽,加剧膜脂过氧化作用,激活体内清除活性氧自由基的酶活性。
Ion beam implantation is a widely used technique for the improvement of varieties of plants and microorganisms and breeding of new varieties and lines. There are very few reports about the application of ion beam implantation in sunflower. In this experiment, different doses of N + ion beam were used to treat sunflower Miyuki and Spark seeds, respectively, to study their physiological characteristics. The results are as follows: As the treatment dose increased, the probability of sunflower seed mutation showed a trend of first rising and then decreasing. The germination rate and germination potential decreased with the increase of treatment dose and then decreased gradually. Finally, the tolerance of Spark to N + ion beam was stronger than that of the United States, and the germination rate and germination energy began to decrease significantly under higher dose treatment . After N + ion beam treatment, the activity of catalase (CAT) in both sunflower seedlings was basically higher than that in the control, and the CAT activity in sparks was basically higher than that in the middle two. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) behaved differently in different varieties. SOD enzyme activity of seedlings treated with different dosages of the two in the United States decreased significantly compared with that of the control, but rose in the spark Drop, and the activity of SOD in Spark after N + ion beam treatment was higher than that of the United States. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content In general, the content of MDA in the seedlings of two cultivars were higher than that of the control, and the content of MDA in the body of the two cultivars was higher than that of Spark. The results showed that different doses of N + ion beam treatment could affect the germination of sunflower, aggravate the lipid peroxidation and activate the activity of scavenging reactive oxygen species in vivo.