论文部分内容阅读
对国外松枯梢病病原茵(Diplodia pinea,又名 Sphaeropsis sapi-nea)从分生孢子萌芽、菌丝体生长及产生子实体所需要的条件三个方面开展了生物学特性的研究。结果表明无论是自然界或人工诱导的分生孢子在清水中均不易萌芽,分生孢子萌芽需要补充一定的营养条件,以10%的松针汁最有利于萌茅,其次为2%的葡萄糖液。菌丝体在10%松针汁+PDA 及 PSA 培养基上生长最快。分批在不同温度组中测定孢子萌芽及菌丝体生长的温度条件,表明从4℃起孢子萌芽及菌丝体生长即可微度进行,孢子萌芽最适温度为27-29℃,菌丝体生长最适温度为26-27℃,38℃高温并不影响孢子萌芽率,35-38℃时芽管及菌丝体生长严重受阻。孢子致死温度达42℃以上,说明该菌对高温的耐受力很强。孢予在 pH4-10时均可萌芽,以6-8最为适宜。分生孢子萌芽需要的最低湿度为80%,高湿度有利于孢子萌芽,但并不一定需要自由水;分生孢子4个月后发芽率仍很高,一年后仍有有一定的萌芽率。黑暗及室内自然光下人工培养不易产生子实体,但在萤光灯下7-15天可以诱导出子实体。以松针段、松梢、PSA 及10%松针汁+DA 培养基最有利于子实体及分生孢子的产生。以上试验结果表明该菌在我省对温度的适应范围较其他报道要广,其他特性也表明该菌适应性、生命力均较强,为该病害在我省普遍严重发生的原因之一,各地与我们在对该菌生物学研究中结果的差异很可能由于病原菌的变异造成。
The biological characteristics of Diplodia pinea (Sphaeropsis sapi-nea) from three aspects of conidial germination, mycelium growth and the conditions required to produce fruiting bodies were studied. The results showed that both conidiospores germinated in natural water or artificially induced conidia were not easy to germinate. Conidiospore germination needed to be supplemented with 10% pine needles, followed by 2% glucose solution. Mycelium grew fastest in 10% pine needles + PDA and PSA medium. Batch temperature measurement in different temperature groups spores germination and mycelium growth temperature conditions, from 4 ℃ spore germination and mycelium growth can be micro-degree, the optimum temperature spore germination 27-29 ℃, mycelium The optimum temperature for growth was 26-27 ℃. The high temperature of 38 ℃ did not affect the germination rate of spores. The germination rate of germ tube and mycelium was severely impaired at 35-38 ℃. The lethal temperature of spores up to 42 ℃, indicating that the bacteria is highly resistant to high temperatures. Spore to sprout at pH4-10 can be the most suitable to 6-8. Conidiospore germination requires a minimum of 80% humidity, high humidity is conducive to spore germination, but does not necessarily require free water; conidia germination rate is still high after 4 months, there is still a year after the germination rate . Artificial cultivation of dark and indoor natural light is not easy to produce fruiting bodies, but 7-15 days under fluorescent light can induce fruiting bodies. Pine needles, pine needles, PSA and 10% pine needles + DA medium were the most conducive to fruiting bodies and conidia production. The above test results show that the bacteria in the province to adapt to the temperature range wider than other reports, other characteristics also show that the bacteria adaptability, vitality are strong, as the disease in our province, one of the most common cause of the occurrence, with The differences in our results in the biology of this bacterium are likely to result from the variation of pathogens.