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用大麦半矮秆品种资源米麦114和尺八大麦与高秆测验种Bowman杂交的P_1、P_2、F_1、F_2及B_1和B_2六个世代群体为试材,研究了这两份半矮秆资源株高等性状的遗传规律及其之间的遗传关系。发现它们的半矮生性状均主要受一对隐性基因控制;千粒重由微效多基因决定,符合基因的加性——显性遗传模式。米麦114的穗长和穗密度各受一对隐性基因控制;尺八大麦的这两个性状分别由两对隐性基因决定。在两品种的半矮秆基因与穗长、穗密度和千粒重基因之间存在遗传连锁或相关。它们的小粒、短穗缺点可以通过与互补亲本的杂交而克服,不失为较好的半矮秆基因源,建议在育种中利用。
Six generations of P_1, P_2, F_1, F_2, B_1 and B_2 hybrids of barley and semi-dwarf cultivars Miygium 114, Chubao barley and Bowman’s cross were used to study the effects of these two semi-dwarf resources Genetic laws of plant height traits and the genetic relationship among them. Semi-dwarf traits were found to be mainly controlled by a pair of recessive genes. The 1000-grain weight was determined by the microscopic polygenes and was consistent with the additive-dominance model of the gene. The ear length and spike density of rice 114 were controlled by a pair of recessive genes respectively. The two traits of foot eight barley were determined by two pairs of recessive genes respectively. There was a genetic linkage or correlation between the semi-dwarfing genes and the spike length, spike density and 1000-grain weight genes in the two cultivars. Their small grains and short ears can be overcome by crossing with the complementary parents, which is a good semi-dwarf gene and is recommended for breeding.