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△宏观经济调控为使经济运行达到预定状态,从国民经济全局出发,综合运用各种调节手段,对全国或全社会经济活动进行调节和控制的行为。我国宏观经济调控的总目标是:(1)保持社会总供给与总需求在总量上和结构上大体平衡。(2)保持经济、科技和社会按比例地协调发展。(3)保持人口、资源和环境的良性循环。宏观经济调控的手段:(1)经济调控手段。依据客观经济规律和物质利益原则,借助经济合同、经济责任和物资分配等手段,诱导经济主体行为。(2)行政手段。政府机构凭借上下级之间的权威和服从关系,按照行政系统,运用行政命令、指示、指令性计划和下达任务等,对社会经济生活进行直接管理。(3)法律手段。为了维护社会经济活动的秩序,国家通过立法和司法等手段,对社会经济生活进行控制、指导、规范和监督。△社会总需求
△ macro-economic regulation In order to achieve the desired state of economic operation, starting from the overall national economy, the comprehensive use of various means of regulation, the national or whole society to regulate economic activities and control behavior. The overall goals of macroeconomic regulation and control in our country are: (1) Maintaining a total balance of overall supply and aggregate demand for society in terms of both aggregate and structural proportions. (2) Maintaining coordinated development of economy, science and technology and society on a pro-rata basis. (3) Maintaining a virtuous circle of population, resources and environment. Macroeconomic regulation and control means: (1) economic control measures. Based on objective economic laws and material interests, economic agents should be induced through economic contracts, economic responsibilities and material distribution. (2) Administrative measures. Government agencies rely on the authority and obeying relations between superiors and subordinates and administer the social and economic life directly according to the administrative system, the use of administrative orders, instructions, mandatory plans and tasks assigned. (3) legal means. In order to maintain the order of socio-economic activities, the state controls, guides, regulates and supervises the social and economic life through such means as legislation and judicature. △ total social needs