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目的分析浙江省2004-2008年麻疹疫情,以期发现近年麻疹流行特征变化规律。方法对浙江省2004-2008年传染病报告和麻疹个案调查数据进行描述流行病学分析。结果2004-2008年浙江省麻疹报告发病率分别为13.15/10万、29.38/10万、3.21/10万、10.94/10万、25.26/10万。高发地区分布在流动人口密集的区域,如温州、金华。2004年后年龄分布特点有较大变化,8月龄～14岁病例比例由63.12%下降至35.31%～45.23%,<8月龄和≥15岁病例比例有明显增高。40%以上的病例为流动人口,1～7岁病例中以流动人口为主,比例达67.93%。13.90%的确诊病例有麻疹类疫苗免疫史,1～7岁和8～14岁病例有免疫史比例高于其他年龄组。结论浙江省近年麻疹疫情仍存在周期性波动,高发、低发年发病水平起伏较大。年龄分布处于小年龄组向大年龄组转变的过渡期模式,需加强对成人免疫水平的监测,需对本地、流动人口采取有针对性的防控策略。
Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of measles in Zhejiang Province from 2004 to 2008 in order to find out the regularity of the prevalence of measles in recent years. Methods Epidemiological analysis of infectious disease reports and measles cases from 2004 to 2008 in Zhejiang Province was conducted. Results The incidence rates of measles in Zhejiang Province from 2004 to 2008 were 13.15 / 100000, 29.38 / 100000, 3.21 / 100000, 10.94 / 100000, 25.26 / 100000 respectively. Areas of high incidence are located in densely populated areas such as Wenzhou and Jinhua. After 2004, the characteristics of age distribution changed greatly. The proportion of cases aged from 8 months to 14 years decreased from 63.12% to 35.31% to 45.23%. The proportion of patients aged <8 months and ≥15 years increased significantly. More than 40% of the cases were floating population, with the floating population aged from 1 to 7 years old, accounting for 67.93%. 13.90% of confirmed cases were measles vaccine immunization history, 1 to 7 years old and 8 to 14 years old cases of immune history than the other age groups. Conclusion The measles epidemic in Zhejiang Province in recent years there are still periodic fluctuations, high incidence, low incidence of annual fluctuations in the larger. The age distribution in the transition from the younger age group to the older age group needs to be strengthened to monitor the level of adult immunity and the targeted prevention and control strategies must be taken for the local and floating population.