The channel output of a multi-wavelength pyrometer is the brightness temperature rather than the true temperature. Twice recognition method is put forward to change the brightness temperatures of a multi-wavelength pyrometer into the true temperatures of
We present the spatial resolution estimation methods for a photon counting system with a Vernier anode. A limiting resolution model is provided according to discussions of surface encoding structure and quantized noise. The limiting resolution of a Vernie
A depletion layer played by aqueous organic liquids flowing in a platform of microfluidic integrated metamaterials is experimentally used to actively modulate terahertz (THz) waves. The polar configuration of water molecules in a depletion layer gives ris
We describe and experimentally demonstrate a measuring technique for Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) based integrated photonic biochemical sensors. Our technique is based on the direct measurement of phase changes between the arms of the MZI, achieved b
Good linearity and wide dynamic range are the advantages of asymmetric Fabry-Perot (F-P) interferometric cavity, whose realization has been long for. Based on optical thin film characteristic matrix theory, an asymmetric F-P interferometric cavity with go