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目的:探讨不同苦豆子种质资源的生物学特性,从形态上初步分析其遗传差异。方法:以生长在宁夏、甘肃、青海、新疆、内蒙古不同地区的23份野生苦豆子为材料,调查种子形态、大小、千粒重和发芽特性等性状。结果:不同居群的苦豆子在这些性状上均存在显著差异,最大的种子是4.70 mm×3.50 mm,最小的种子是3.80 mm×2.90 mm,千粒重为15.90~25.70 g;对8个不同地域居群种子活力的研究表明,No.103和No.122的苦豆子种子活力较高,其发芽指数分别为36.51,36.24,活力指数为1 323.49,1 274.56。除种子大小这一性状外,其余性状的变异系数都超过10%。结论:不同居群的苦豆子间具有不同的遗传背景。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the biological characteristics of different Sophora alopecuroides germplasm resources, and to analyze the genetic differences in morphological characteristics. Methods: Twenty three wild Sophora alopecuroids grown in different regions of Ningxia, Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia were used to investigate the seed morphology, size, 1000-grain weight and germination characteristics. Results: The characters of Sophora alopecuroides in different populations were significantly different among these traits. The largest seed was 4.70 mm × 3.50 mm, the smallest seed was 3.80 mm × 2.90 mm, the grain weight was 15.90 ~ 25.70 g, The study on population vigor showed that the seeds of Sophora japonica seeds No.103 and No.122 had higher vigor, the germination indexes were 36.51 and 36.24, and the vigor index was 1 323.49 and 1 274.56 respectively. In addition to the seed size of this trait, the coefficient of variation of other traits are more than 10%. Conclusion: There are different genetic backgrounds among Sophora alopecuroides populations in different populations.