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从世界主要国家情况看,尽管各国制度不同,国情有别,但国有经济一般都承担以下职能:①发展公用事业和基础设施,包括邮政、铁路、航空、港口、供水、供电等等;②发展基础工业,如矿山勘探、石油、煤炭、电力等开发;③发展某些支柱产业,如有些冶金制造业、汽车制造业;④发展某些高新技术,如集成电路、航天工业;⑤承担特殊的社会职能,如军工生产、维持就业、开发落后地区等等。
From the perspective of the major countries in the world, the state-owned economy generally undertakes the following functions in spite of the different systems and national conditions in various countries: ① the development of public utilities and infrastructure, including postal services, railways, aviation, ports, water supply and power supply; Basic industries such as mine exploration, oil, coal and electricity development; ③ development of certain pillar industries such as metallurgical manufacturing and automobile manufacturing; ④ development of some high and new technologies such as integrated circuits and aerospace industries; Social functions such as military production, maintenance of employment, development of underdeveloped areas, etc.