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目的了解肝健康促进前后大学生对肝炎的认知情况,评价开展普及肝炎知识健康促进效果,为肝健康促进方案提供可靠的依据。方法在眉山市高校抽取部分大学生,在健康促进前后进行肝炎防治知识问卷调查,内容包括对肝炎的相关基本知识、传播途径、预防措施及对乙肝携带者的态度等。结果经健康促进后,被调查大学生对肝炎基本知识及传播途径的知晓率提高了17.78%~77.22%,对肝炎预防措施的知晓率提高了23.34%-47.77%,均高于促进前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);在对乙肝携带者的正确认知方面也提高了3.89%-51.67%。健康促进后,大学生从医生、教师、广播电视、网络、宣传单宣传画、书本、朋友家人等以上途径获取肝炎知识的比例均显著提高(P<0.01),并且希望从这些途径获取肝炎知识的意愿也明显提高(P<0.01),同时接种乙肝疫苗的意愿高达95%。结论大学生在肝健康促进后对肝炎的知晓率显著提高,知晓率高达95%以上,对乙肝携带者85%以上有正确的态度,在大学生中间加强肝健康促进是预防肝炎的有效措施。
Objective To understand the cognition of hepatitis among college students before and after liver health promotion and to evaluate the health promotion effect of knowledge of hepatitis and to provide a reliable basis for the promotion of liver health. Methods Some college students were taken from colleges and universities in Meishan City to investigate the knowledge about prevention and treatment of hepatitis before and after health promotion. The questionnaire included the basic knowledge about hepatitis, the route of transmission, the preventive measures and the attitude toward hepatitis B carriers. Results After the health promotion, the awareness level of the undergraduates about hepatitis basic knowledge and route of transmission increased by 17.78% -77.22%, and the awareness rate of hepatitis preventive measures increased by 23.34% -47.77%, which were higher than that of the former Statistical significance (P <0.01); In the correct recognition of hepatitis B carriers also increased by 3.89% -51.67%. After the promotion of health, the proportion of university students acquiring hepatitis knowledge from doctors, teachers, radio and television networks, leaflets, books, friends and family and above all increased significantly (P <0.01), and they hoped to obtain hepatitis knowledge from these ways Willingness was also significantly improved (P <0.01), while willingness to vaccinate hepatitis B vaccine up to 95%. Conclusion The awareness rate of hepatitis is significantly improved after liver health promotion. The awareness rate is over 95%, correct attitude to more than 85% of hepatitis B carriers, and strengthening of liver health promotion among college students are effective measures to prevent hepatitis.