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本文利用2010年中国家庭追踪调查数据以及相应区县和行业统计资料,通过拟合交叉分类多层模型,考察地区和行业双重分割对中国居民收入分配状况的影响。分析结果显示,地区差异和行业差异都是导致中国居民收入不平等的重要来源,二者合计约解释了样本中个人收入差异的1/5;与地区差异相比,行业差异对收入分配差距的影响更大。在考虑了诸多个体特征和人力资本状况的影响后,地区人均GDP和人均受教育年限对个人收入仍具有普惠性的促进效应,不同产业从业者的收入仍存在明显差距。本文还进一步探讨了地区和行业因素导致个人收入分化的作用机制,指出行业垄断是造成当前收入分配矛盾的关键问题。
In this paper, we use the data of China Family Tracing Survey in 2010, the corresponding districts and counties and industry statistics to examine the impact of dual segmentation of regions and industries on the income distribution of Chinese residents by fitting the cross-classification and multi-layer model. The results of the analysis show that regional differences and industry differences are all important sources of income inequality in China, accounting for about one-fifth of the total differences in personal income in the sample. Compared with the regional differences, the differences of industrial distributions on income distribution More impact. After considering the influence of many individual characteristics and human capital conditions, regional per capita GDP and average years of schooling still have the universal effect of promoting personal income. There is still a clear gap between the incomes of practitioners in different industries. The paper also further explores the mechanism of regional and industry factors leading to personal income differentiation. It points out that the industry monopoly is the key issue that causes the current income distribution conflicts.