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目的探索罗汉果Siraitia grosvenorii三倍体雌株与二倍体雄株的遗传背景,为无籽罗汉果优良品种的选育提供分子生物学依据。方法利用ISSR分子标记对28份罗汉果种质进行遗传背景分析,用AFLP-SURV计算材料间遗传距离;用TSYS-pc和Gen AIEx分别进行聚类和主坐标分析。结果从100条ISSR引物中筛选出13条用于扩增,共获得131条清晰可辨条带,其中多态性条带99条,多态性位点百分率为75.57%。聚类和主坐标分析表明罗汉果三倍体雌株和二倍体雄株的遗传背景存在一定的丰富性,但大多遗传相似性系数较大,遗传距离较近。结论罗汉果三倍体雌株和二倍体雄株遗传背景的复杂性较低,应该尽快采取相应措施,进行种质创新,丰富无籽罗汉果亲本的遗传背景。
Objective To explore the genetic background of triploid and diploid male plants of Siraitia grosvenorii in Luohanguo, and to provide a molecular biological basis for the breeding of elite varieties without seeds. Methods The ISSR molecular markers were used to analyze the genetic background of 28 germplasms of Luo Han Guo. The genetic distance was calculated using AFLP-SURV. The clustering and principal coordinates were analyzed by TSYS-pc and Gen AIEx. Results Thirteen out of 100 ISSR primers were screened for amplification. A total of 131 clear bands were obtained, of which 99 were polymorphic bands with a percentage of 75.57%. Cluster analysis and principal coordinate analysis showed that the genetic backgrounds of both the diploid female and diploid male were rich, but most of the genetic similarity coefficients were larger and the genetic distance was closer. Conclusion The genetic backgrounds of the triploid female and diploid male plants of Luohanguo are low in complexity, and corresponding measures should be taken as soon as possible to carry out germplasm innovation and enrich the genetic background of the seedless Luo Hanuo parents.