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A method for the fast measurement of electron temperature and density with temporal resolution in transient plasma has been implemented by Langmuir probe. The diagnostic system consists of a single Langmuir probe driven by a high frequency sinusoidal voltage. The current and voltage spectrum on the probe were detected synchronously by an oscilloscope with sampling rate being at least 5 times higher than the frequency of sweep voltage. The system has been used to diagnose the transient plasma generated by hypervelocity-impact of LY12 aluminum projectile into LY12 aluminum target.