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Objectives To ob- serve the effect of different estrogen levels on the se- cretory function of vascular endothelial cells of female rats, and study the effect of modulation of estrogen level on the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule - 1 and the concentration of estrogen receptorin vascular endothelial cells. Methods Radioim-munology was used to measure the serum concentrationof endothelin and PGI2, and copper-cadmium re-duction was employed to measure the serum content ofnitrogen monoxide. Radioligand binding and flowcy-tometry were used to measure the expression of estrogenreceptor and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1 ) of vascular endothelial cells respectively. Re-sults 1. The serum concentration of nitric oxide andPGI2 decreased when the ovaries of female rats wereremoved. In ovariectomized rats, given estrogen, theconcentration rose ( P ＜ 0.05), but the plasma con-centration of endothelin was adverse to it. 2. Theconcentration of estrogen receptor of vascular endothe-lial cells decreased remarkably when the ovaries of fe-male rats were removed. When given estrogen, it in-creased. 3. The percent of expressed VCAM - 1 in-creased siguificantly after interleukin- lβoperated onthe cells, but 17 - βestradiol at 3 × 10-8 ～ 10-6 mol/lall decreased the percent. Conclusions Estrogenlevel can influence the secretion of nitrogen monoxide,PGI2 and endothlin of vascular endothelial cells, andalso influence the concentration of estrogen receptor ofvascular endothelial cells. 17 -β Estradiol at 3 × 10-8～ 10-6 M can decrease the elevation of VCAM - 1 ofvascular endothelial cells induced by interleukin - 1 β.