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为了揭示不同区域水资源利用变化之间的空间关系,借鉴经济学中的区域优势理论,对中国水资源2001—2006年间水资源利用的区域优势及其演化机制进行了分析。研究结果表明:①山东、河南、四川、海南和河北五省农业用水优势处于前5位,并呈增加趋势,使得这些省份的农业用水优势得到加强;非农业用水优势明显增加的为北京、山东、山西、内蒙古、浙江,其增幅均在0.2以上,而非农业用水优势下降趋势最为明显的是天津和辽宁,其下降幅度均在0.4以上。②中国水资源利用的区域优势在其演化过程中主要存在经济、社会、自然等3种驱动因素,它们在全国范围内主导着水资源利用区域优势的演化,同时也主导水资源利用结构的演进。
In order to reveal the spatial relationship between the changes of water resources utilization in different regions and learn from the regional superiority theory in economics, the regional advantages and the evolution mechanism of water resources utilization in China from 2001 to 2006 were analyzed. The results showed that: ①The advantages of agricultural water use in the five provinces of Shandong, Henan, Sichuan, Hainan and Hebei are in the top five, and the trend of agricultural water use is increasing, which has strengthened the advantages of agricultural water use in these provinces; the obvious advantages of non-agricultural water use increase are Beijing, Shandong , Shanxi, Inner Mongolia and Zhejiang, all of which increased by more than 0.2. However, the declining trend of non-agricultural water use advantages was the most obvious in Tianjin and Liaoning, with the declines above 0.4. (2) The regional advantages of water resources utilization in China are mainly driven by three factors of economy, society and nature in their evolution. They dominate the evolution of regional advantages in the utilization of water resources nationwide and also dominate the evolution of water resources utilization structure .