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目的掌握南京市市售蔬菜中硝酸盐污染情况,对居民蔬菜硝酸盐暴露量进行评估。方法在农贸市场和蔬菜批发市场共11个采集点采集10大类,44种蔬菜样品980份,按GB/T5009.33的规定检测蔬菜硝酸盐含量;在4个区县的4个居委会随机抽取各50户居民,以记账法和半定量食物频率法对居民日常蔬菜摄入量进行调查,并据此进行居民蔬菜硝酸盐暴露量评估。结果特菜类(芦蒿)硝酸盐含量最高(中位数达2.64×103mg/kg),其次为叶菜类(中位数为1.60×103mg/kg);硝酸盐含量依次为特菜类﹥叶菜类﹥茎类﹥块根类﹥瓜菜类﹥甘蓝类﹥果菜类﹥豆类﹥鳞茎类﹥菌类;同一类蔬菜不同品种的硝酸盐含量差别较大,同一品种的蔬菜中硝酸盐含量差别也很大。居民每日通过蔬菜摄入的硝酸盐量为463mg(以中位数计),是WHO/FAO推荐ADI值(300mg/d)的1.5倍,其中暴露量居前3位的依次是叶菜类、茎类、块根类。结论南京市市售蔬菜的硝酸盐污染较严重,居民仅由蔬菜摄入的硝酸盐量已明显高于ADI值。
Objective To understand the nitrate pollution in vegetables in Nanjing City and evaluate the nitrate exposure in vegetables. Methods 10 farms and 980 vegetable samples were collected from 11 collection points in the farmer’s market and the wholesale market of vegetables. The nitrate content in vegetables was detected according to the requirements of GB / T5009.33. Four neighborhood committees in 4 districts and counties were randomly selected Each 50 households surveyed the daily vegetable intake by the accounting method and semi-quantitative food frequency method, and evaluated the nitrate exposure of vegetables. Results The highest contents of nitrate (2.64 × 103 mg / kg), followed by leafy vegetables (median 1.60 × 103 mg / kg) Leaf vegetables> Stems> Root vegetables> Cabbage> Brassica oleracea> Beans> Bulblets> Fungi; Different varieties of the same type of vegetables have quite different nitrate contents. The nitrate content in the same variety of vegetables The difference is also great. The daily intake of vegetables by residents is 463 mg (median), which is 1.5 times of the recommended ADI value (300 mg / d) of WHO / FAO. Among them, the top three in the order of exposure are leafy vegetables , Stems, roots and tubers. Conclusion Nitrate pollution of vegetables on the market in Nanjing is more serious. The nitrate intake of vegetables only by vegetables has been significantly higher than that of ADI.