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采用Volume of Fluid(VOF)模型对罐车制动时液体的晃动进行了数值模拟,对单室受力、受力位置及整车轴荷分配进行了计算,并通过与实验结果的对比验证了计算方法的可靠性.计算结果表明,无防波板时,随减速度增加,单室x,y方向受力峰值增大,整车轴荷比增大;随充液比增加,单室x方向受力峰值先增大后减小,y方向受力峰值增大,制动初始与结束时充液比越大轴荷比越大,1 s左右充液比越大轴荷比越小;单室带防波板时,随防波板面积增加,x,y方向受力峰值减小,当防波板面积大于横截面的40%时,增加防波板面积能显著改善罐体受力,且防波板面积越大轴荷比峰值越小.
The Volume of Fluid (VOF) model was used to simulate the fluid sloshing during tanker truck braking. The single-chamber force, force position and axle load distribution were calculated and compared with the experimental results to verify the calculation The results show that with the anti-wave plate, with the increase of deceleration, the peak of stress in single-chamber x and y directions increases and the axle load-to-charge ratio of the whole vehicle increases. With the increase of filling ratio, The force peak first increases and then decreases, the peak force increases in y direction, the larger the filling ratio at the beginning and the end of braking is, the larger the load-carrying ratio is and the smaller the charge-carrying ratio at 1 s is. With the anti-wave plate in the chamber, with the increase of the anti-wave plate area, the peak force in the x- and y-directions decreases. When the anti-wave plate area is more than 40% of the cross section, increasing the area of the anti- And the larger the area of the anti-wave board, the smaller the peak value of the load-to-charge ratio.