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目的研究骨间后神经的起源、行程、受卡压原因,并为外科手术治疗提供解剖学基础。方法解剖40侧成人尸体上肢,将骨间后神经分为3段(见附图):桡管段为从起点到旋后肌入口的距离,旋后肌管段为入口到出口的距离,旋后肌管后段为出旋后肌管以后的分支。观察骨间后神经的起源、行程、分支,旋后肌管入口、出口的形态和结构特点。用游标卡尺测量桡管段和旋后肌管段长度,旋后肌管入、出口的宽度。结果骨间后神经桡管段和旋后肌管段长度分别为(36.1±10.7)mm(均数±标准差,下同)和(39.7±0.89)mm。旋后肌管入口宽度为(12.4±0.29)mm,腱性结构占65%(26例),膜性结构占20%(8例),肌性结构为15%(6例)。出口位于拇长展肌上缘上方(15.3±0.68)mm,宽度(12.9±0.55)mm,肌性结构占52.5%(21例),腱性结构占40%(16例),膜性结构占7.5%(3例)。结论桡管和旋后肌管的解剖结构有时可导致骨间后神经受卡压,本文资料对外科手术治疗具有重要参考价值。
Objective To study the origin, stroke and the causes of compression of posterior interosseous nerve and to provide anatomic basis for surgical treatment. Methods 40 adult adult cadaveric upper limbs were dissected and the interosseous nerve was divided into three sections (see the attached figure): the radial section was the distance from the start point to the entrance of the posterior pronator, the posterior gyration was the entrance-exit distance, The posterior segment of the posterior rotation of the myotubes after the branch. Observe the origin, stroke, branch of posterior interosseous nerve, entrance and exit of spinous duct, morphological and structural features of exit. Measure the length of the radial segment and the posterior segment of the myotubes with a vernier caliper, and the width of the spinous muscle inlet and outlet. Results The lengths of the radial and the posterior spinous duct segments of posterior interosseous nerve were (36.1 ± 10.7) mm (mean ± standard deviation, the same below) and (39.7 ± 0.89) mm respectively. The width of the entrance of the posterior gyration was (12.4 ± 0.29) mm, the tendinous structure accounted for 65% (26 cases), the membranous structure accounted for 20% (8 cases) and the muscular structure was 15% (6 cases). The exit was located above the upper edge of the abductorum longus (15.3 ± 0.68) mm, width (12.9 ± 0.55) mm, muscular structure accounted for 52.5% (21 cases), tendon structure accounted for 40% (16 cases) 7.5% (3 cases). Conclusion The anatomy of the radial and the posterior spinous duct can sometimes lead to the compression of the interosseous nerve. The information in this paper is of great value in the surgical treatment.