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麝香为鹿科动物林麝 Moschus berezov-skii Flerov、马麝 M.sifanicus Przewalski或原麝 M.moschiferus L.成熟雄体香囊中的干燥分泌物。因药材名贵短缺,长期以来常有掺伪情况发生。据文献记载,麝香掺伪物有锁阳、桂皮、大豆、泥沙等异物达数十种之多。但以桃金娘科植物丁香 Eugeniacaryophyllata Thunb.的干燥花蕾粉末作掺伪物尚未见报道。笔者最近在检验一批麝香(共39粒毛壳麝香)中发现,在麝香的香囊内均掺入大量的丁香粉末。现将检验结果简述如下,以供参考。一、检品的外观性状 (麝香囊壳从略)囊内物呈棕褐色或暗棕色粉末,内有极少数颗粒状物。以手捻搓时较硬而顶手,无弹性,易松散。质硬无油性或油性差,无光泽。除微有麝香香气外,尚可嗅到疑似丁香的芳香气味。味辛辣,有麻舌感。
Musk is a dry exudate in the sachet of mature males of the deer family, Moschus berezov-skii Flerov, M.sifanicus Przewalski, or M. moschiferus L.. Due to the shortage of medicinal herbs, there has been a long history of adulteration. According to historical records, there are dozens of foreign objects such as Cynomorium, cinnamon, soybean, and sediment in the musk adulteration. However, it has not been reported that dried bud powder of myrtle family Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb. is used as adulterants. The author recently found that in a batch of musk (39 total musk musks), a large amount of clove powder was incorporated into the musk sac. The test results are briefly described below for reference. First, the appearance of the product traits (from the shell of the musk sac) cysts were brown or dark brown powder, there are very few particles. It is harder and top hand when handcuffed, inelastic and loose. Hard, oil-free or oily, dull. In addition to its slightly musky aroma, it can still smell the aroma of suspected cloves. Spicy and tingling.