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白术(Atractylodes macrocephala),又名于术,为菊科多年生草本,药用根。现就长江以南各地栽培白术的技术要点介绍如下。1.生长习性:白术喜凉爽气候,忌高温多湿,宜栽于排水良好、含腐植质较多的土壤或砂壤土的山岳与丘陵地带。一般第一年育苗,第二年移植,秋后收获。白术不宜连作,前茬作物以禾本科作物最为合适。2.选地与整地:育苗地宜选择向阳,避风、排水良好、土壤疏松肥沃的倾斜地。秋后将荒地芦苇、杂草砍倒晒干,然后用火烧尽,施入基肥,再行开垦。把面上的腐植质土及基肥翻入底层,碎土耙平,做成倾斜面,筑畦、畦面呈龟背形,畦高30原米,开好排水沟。3.播种育苗:选新鲜饱满、成熟度一致、无病虫的种子。播种期一般在3月下旬
Atractylodes macrocephala, also known as surgery, as a perennial herb Compositae, medicinal roots. Now on the south of the Yangtze River cultivation Atractylodes technical points are as follows. 1. Growth Habits: Atractylodes hi cool climate, avoid high temperature and humidity, should be planted in well-drained, humus-rich soil or sandy loam of mountain and hilly areas. Generally the first year nursery, the second year of transplantation, autumn harvest. Atractylodes should not be continually cropped, the former crop is most suitable for gramineous crops. 2. Selection and site preparation: Nursery should choose sunny, sheltered, well drained, loose and fertile slopes of the soil. Autumn will be reed wasteland, weeds cut down and dried, and then burned, applied to the base fertilizer, reclamation. Turn humus and basal on the surface into the bottom, crushed soil rake flat, made of inclined surface, built 畦, 畦 surface was turtle shape, 畦 30 meters high, open a good drainage ditch. 3. Sowing nursery: choose fresh full, consistent maturity, no pests seeds. Sowing time is generally late in March