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目的研究北京、沈阳、上海、长沙、广州、银川六城市公共场所及工作场所无烟政策现状,探讨吸烟者及非吸烟者对全面无烟政策的态度及影响因素。方法使用文献查阅法研究六城市无烟政策现状。使用多阶段抽样法在六城市抽取4815名吸烟者及1270名非吸烟者,调查其对不同公共场所及工作场所无烟政策的态度。用多因素Logistic模型研究影响支持公共场所及工作场所无烟政策的因素。结果六城市均未实施全面的公共场所及工作场所无烟政策。六城市多数调查对象支持在医院、学校、会议室及公共交通工具等场所实行全面无烟政策,相比之下,吸烟者及非吸烟者对工作场所全面无烟政策的支持率分别仅有42.8%及52.9%,对餐厅、酒吧全面无烟政策的支持率分别仅有21.3%及40.4%。对二手烟健康危害的认知是影响吸烟者对工作场所(OR=1.27,95%CI为1.08~1.49)及餐厅、酒吧(OR=1.55,95%CI为1.17~2.05)全面无烟政策支持态度的重要因素。结论六城市已具备实施公共场所及工作场所全面无烟政策的基本条件。提高公众对二手烟健康危害的认知可能会提高公众对全面无烟政策的支持。
Objective To study the current status of smoke-free policies in public places and workplaces in Beijing, Shenyang, Shanghai, Changsha, Guangzhou and Yinchuan and explore the attitudes and influencing factors of smokers and non-smokers on the overall smoke-free policy. Methods Using the literature review method to study the current status of smoke-free policies in six cities. Using a multistage sampling method, 4815 smokers and 1270 non-smokers were drawn in six cities to investigate their attitude toward smoke-free policies in different public places and in the workplace. Using multivariate Logistic models to study the factors that affect the support of smoke-free policies in public places and in the workplace. Results None of the six cities implemented a comprehensive smoke-free policy in public places and workplaces. Most of the respondents in the six cities supported the implementation of a comprehensive smoke-free policy in places such as hospitals, schools, conference rooms and public transport. In contrast, smokers and non-smokers supported only 42.8% of the overall smoke-free policies in the workplace % And 52.9% respectively, with only 21.3% and 40.4% respectively of the total smoke-free policies in restaurants and bars. Awareness of the health hazards of secondhand smoke affects the overall smokefree policy support for smokers in the workplace (OR = 1.27,95% CI 1.08-1.49) and restaurants and bars (OR = 1.55,95% CI 1.17-2.05) Important factor in attitude. Conclusion The six cities already have the basic conditions for implementing a comprehensive smoke-free policy in public places and in the workplace. Raising public awareness of the health risks of secondhand smoke may raise public support for a comprehensive tobacco-free policy.