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目的 :虽然常用的色觉检查方法在发现遗传性的和先天性的色觉异常方面非常有效 ,但是在设计上却不适合研究常见而重要眼病的色觉缺陷。新的计算机技术使完全不同的检查方法在定量评价常见而重要眼病的色觉异常时非常有效。本研究将对这一专题作一评述。方法 :阐述色觉的生理和检查的原理 ,描述计算机图像系统的操作方法。结果 :利用这种检查方法可发现在糖尿病、青光眼、甲亢性眼病和年龄相关性黄斑病变的临床前期就已出现色觉的异常。结论 :因为该色觉检查系统利用了计算机全自动、快速的特性 ,所以可以作为筛查程序 ,监控缓慢进展性眼病的患者 ,在其发病初期 ,更早地确定需要进行有效治疗的时期或者阶段。因此 ,今后数十年内 ,这些方法将非常符合对高危人群进行医疗监管的要求。
Purpose: Although the commonly used color vision test is very effective in detecting hereditary and congenital abnormalities in color vision, it is not designed to study the color vision defects of common and important eye diseases. The new computer technology makes a completely different examination method very effective in the quantitative assessment of common and important eye diseases. This study will comment on this topic. Methods: Explain the physiology of color vision and the principle of inspection, and describe the operation method of computer image system. Results: Using this method of examination, abnormalities of color vision have been observed in preclinical stages of diabetes, glaucoma, hyperthyroidism and age-related macular degeneration. CONCLUSIONS: Because the color vision inspection system takes full advantage of the computer’s automatic and rapid features, it can be used as a screening program to monitor patients with slow-progressing ocular conditions, early in the onset of the disease, to determine earlier periods or stages of effective treatment. As a result, these approaches will be very much in line with the medical regulatory requirements for high-risk populations in the coming decades.