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目的分析农村留守妇女AIDS健康教育及行为干预效果,为今后有效开展AIDS健康教育提供科学依据和正确的工作方法。方法通过基线调查,制定并实施目标人群AIDS健康教育及行为干预方式,1年后以问卷形式的调查结果对干预效果进行分析。结果留守妇女的文化程度在初中及以下的占80%以上,普遍较低。通过1年的健康教育及行为干预,留守妇女AIDS单项问题的知晓率均有显著提高、整体知晓率达到86.4%(P<0.01),对AIDS及AIDS病人态度明显改善(P<0.01),夫妻团聚期间安全套使用率由干预前的1.1%提高到干预后的57.7%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),医疗器械安全意识得到明显提升(P<0.01)。结论在农村留守妇女中通过AIDS健康教育及行为干预方式来提高AIDS的抵御能力是切实可行和行之有效的,这对保护留守妇女的健康和防止AIDS向农村扩散具有重要意义。
Objective To analyze AIDS health education and behavioral intervention in left-behind women in rural areas and to provide a scientific basis and correct working method for effective AIDS health education in the future. Methods Based on the baseline survey, AIDS health education and behavioral interventions of target population were formulated and implemented. One year later, the questionnaire was used to analyze the effect of intervention. As a result, the education level of left-behind women was above 80% of junior high school and below, generally lower. After one year of health education and behavioral intervention, the awareness rate of single women with left-behind women was significantly increased, with the overall awareness rate reaching 86.4% (P <0.01) and their attitude toward AIDS and AIDS patients significantly improved (P <0.01) Condom use during the reunion increased from 1.1% before intervention to 57.7% after intervention, with significant difference (P <0.01) and safety awareness of medical devices significantly improved (P <0.01). Conclusion It is practicable and effective to improve the resilience of AIDS among left behind women living in rural areas through AIDS health education and behavioral interventions. This is of great significance for protecting the health of left - behind women and preventing AIDS from spreading to rural areas.