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目的调查长期摄入过量碘地区居民甲状腺功能减退症(简称甲减)患病情况。方法在重度碘过量地区沛县孟庄乡和碘适宜地区邳州新集乡对全乡户籍居民进行甲状腺疾病普查,对可疑对象进行甲状腺触诊、B超检查,流行病学调查,检测全血游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT_3)、游离甲状腺素(FT_4)、促甲状腺激素(TSH)、甲状腺球蛋白抗体(TPO-Ab)、抗甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(TG-Ab)。结果碘过量乡推算人均碘摄入量为1961μg/d,是世界卫生组织(WHO)推荐的每日碘摄入量的16.3倍。碘过量乡全乡发现甲减患者67名,患病率为36.2/万,标化率是碘适宜乡的10.6倍。女性患病率达63.4/万。为男性的3.9倍。甲减患病年龄以10岁组和40岁组为高峰,各年龄组均高于碘适宜乡。碘过量乡采血人群甲减检出率为5.8%,明显高于碘适宜乡的1.6%(P<0.01)。其中,自身免疫性甲状腺炎占22.4%,低于碘适宜乡的40.0%,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论碘过量的长期摄入与居民甲减患病率和检出率明显增多有关,应当降低碘过量地区居民碘的摄入量
Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypothyroidism (abbreviated as hypothyroidism) in residents with long-term iodine intake. Methods Thirty-six cases of thyroid disease were surveyed in Mengjiu Township of Peixian and Zhuji of Xinji Township of iodine-suitable areas in severe iodine excess areas. Thyroid palpation, B-ultrasound and epidemiological investigation were conducted on suspicious subjects. FT_3, FT_4, TSH, TPO-Ab and TG-Ab. Results The iodine excess rural population was 1961 μg / d, accounting for 16.3 times of the daily iodine intake recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Iodine over Township found that 67 cases of hypothyroidism, the prevalence rate of 36.2 / million, the standardization rate is 10.6 times the township of iodine suitable. The prevalence of women reached 63.4 / million. 3.9 times for men. The prevalence of hypothyroidism was highest in the 10-year-old group and the 40-year-old group, and was higher in all age groups than in the appropriate rural areas. The detection rate of hypothyroidism was 5.8% in iodine excess rural population, which was significantly higher than that of iodine suitable rural population (P <0.01). Among them, autoimmune thyroiditis accounted for 22.4%, lower than 40.0% for iodine appropriate township, but the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). Conclusion The long-term intake of iodine excess is associated with a significant increase in the prevalence and detection rate of hypothyroidism among residents, and the iodine intake of residents with iodine excess should be reduced