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为了改善聚丙烯(PP)的耐电树枝性能,以有机化蒙脱土(MMT)作为纳米填充相,马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)作为相容剂,采用熔融插层一步法和二步法制备了MMT/PP复合材料。分别利用偏光显微镜(PLM)及差示扫描量热(DSC)曲线观测了PP及MMT/PP复合材料的结晶形态及结晶过程,采用SEM考察了MMT在复合材料中的分散状态。通过电树枝引发实验,探究了制备方法及结晶形态对复合材料耐电树枝化性能的影响。实验结果表明:采用熔融插层二步法制备的MMT/PP复合材料,其无机相分散较均匀,结晶尺寸减小,结晶结构由球晶转变为片晶的堆叠,结晶度提高了约2.7%;在PP试样中,电树枝长度较长且分枝较少,而MMT/PP试样中电树枝转变为长度较小且分枝较多的稠密结构。
In order to improve the electrical resistance of polypropylene (PP), montmorillonite (MMT) as filler phase and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PP-g-MAH) as compatibilizer, One-step and two-step preparation of MMT / PP composites. The morphology and crystallization process of PP and MMT / PP composites were observed by polarization microscopy (PLM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves, respectively. The dispersion of MMT in the composites was investigated by SEM. Through the experiment of electric tree priming, the influence of preparation method and crystal morphology on the electrical dendritic resistance of the composites was investigated. The experimental results show that MMT / PP composites prepared by melt intercalation method have more uniform inorganic phases and smaller crystal size, and the crystal structure changes from spherulites to lamellae. The crystallinity increases by about 2.7% In the PP samples, the length of the electrical branch is longer and the number of the branches is smaller. However, the electrical branches in the MMT / PP sample are transformed into dense structures with smaller length and more branches.