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泡沫铝作为一种新型轻质高强度材料,是通过气泡层形成的多孔金属材料。文章结合泡沫铝的结构特点,以Timoshenko梁理论为基础,建立了泡沫铝板弯曲振动的理论模型,求解得到了泡沫铝板弯曲振动频率与振幅变化曲线,并通过有限元仿真验证了理论分析结果。通过求解泡沫铝板的频率特性确认了载人航天器使用的泡沫铝板的频率远离舱体基础频率,满足航天总装使用要求。最后,对比分析了泡沫铝材料弹性模量及密度的变化对泡沫铝弯曲振动基频的影响。随着泡沫铝弹性模量的增加,泡沫铝板的基频逐渐增加;随着密度的增加,泡沫铝板的基频逐渐变小。因此,可以通过改变泡沫铝的材料参数得到不同频率特性的泡沫铝,以满足航天器不同总装工况的使用要求。
Aluminum Foam is a new type of lightweight, high-strength material that is a porous metal material formed by a bubble layer. Combining the structural characteristics of aluminum foam and the theory of Timoshenko beam, a theoretical model of the bending vibration of aluminum foam sheet is established. The bending vibration frequency and amplitude curve of the aluminum foam sheet are obtained. The theoretical analysis results are verified by the finite element simulation. By solving the frequency characteristics of aluminum foam, it was confirmed that the frequency of aluminum foam used in manned spacecraft is far away from the basic frequency of the cabin to meet the requirements of space assembly. Finally, the influence of the change of elastic modulus and density of aluminum foam on the fundamental frequency of bending vibration of aluminum foam was analyzed. With the increase of the elastic modulus of aluminum foam, the fundamental frequency of foamed aluminum plate gradually increases; with the increase of density, the fundamental frequency of foamed aluminum plate becomes smaller. Therefore, the foam aluminum with different frequency characteristics can be obtained by changing the material parameters of aluminum foam so as to meet the requirements of different spacecraft assembly conditions.