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目的 查清阿拉套山是否存在鼠疫自然疫源地 ,以及相关的动物和昆虫区系。方法 应用流行病学、医学动物昆虫学、血清学和细菌学等方法。结果 调查区内共采集啮齿动物 10种 ,优势动物为灰旱獭 (Marmotabaibacina) ,次为长尾黄鼠 (Citellusundulatus)与灰旱獭在同一生境 ;灰旱獭定点观察密度为 2 .5～ 5 .5只 /hm2 ;旱獭路线密度最高 2 .3 6只 /hm2 ,最低仅为 0 .0 1只 /hm2 。旱獭洞干蚤染蚤率 0 .3 6%、灰旱獭体蚤染蚤率为 6.2 %。采集小型鼠类的蚤类 18种 ,蜱 2种 ,虱 1种。灰旱獭体蚤主要为谢氏山蚤和似升额蚤及草原硬蜱。检查鼠类血清标本 180份 ,其中灰旱獭阳性血清 2份 ;牧狗血清 114份 ,阳性 1份。从自毙旱獭中 ,分离出 4株鼠疫菌。结论 首次判定新疆阿拉套山存在鼠疫自然疫源地。
Objective To find out whether there exists natural plague plague in Alashan Mountain, and related fauna and insect fauna. Methods Epidemiology, medical entomology, serology and bacteriology methods. Results Ten species of rodents were collected in the survey area, and the predominant animals were Marmotabaibacina, followed by Citellusundulatus in the same habitat as C. marmot. The spot-observed density of C. marmota was 2.5-5.5 / hm2; the highest density of otters was 2.36 / hm2, the lowest was only 0.01 / hm2. Marmota dry flea flea flea rate of 0.36%, gray marmoset flea flea flea rate was 6.2%. Eighteen species of fleas, two species of ticks and one species of louse were collected from small mice. Gray mound body fleas mainly for Xie Shan fleas and ascending flea and hard grass ticks. 180 samples of murine serum were examined, 2 of which were positive in Gray marmot; 114 in animal and dog serum, 1 in positive. From the self-made marmot, 4 strains of Yersinia pestis were isolated. Conclusion For the first time, there is plague natural foci in Alashan Mountain, Xinjiang.