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真菌病是作物减产的主要原因之一。而植物界大量存在具有离体抑制真菌生长增殖能力的蛋白质，相应基因在转基因植株中表达，可使这些植物产生抗真菌能力。几丁质酶就是其中之一，它能催化几丁质（真菌细胞壁的重要成分）水解，从而抑制真菌的生长增殖。随着对其作用机理、生化特性、表达调控的深入研究，几丁质酶基因转化植株显示出很高的抗真菌能力，正日益成为植物真菌病防治的新途径。围绕几丁质酶在抗真菌病基因工程中的应用，本文对几丁质酶的活性底物、分类、生化及诱导表达、协同表达特性，进行了简要、全面的阐述。
Mycosis is one of the major causes of crop yield loss. However, a large number of proteins exist in the plant kingdom that inhibit the growth and proliferation of fungi in vitro, and the corresponding genes are expressed in the transgenic plants to make them antifungal. Chitinase is one of them, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of chitin, an important component of the fungal cell wall, thereby inhibiting the growth and proliferation of fungi. With further studies on its mechanism of action, biochemical characteristics and regulation of expression, chitinase genetically transformed plants have demonstrated high antifungal capacity and are increasingly becoming new ways to prevent and control plant fungal diseases. Based on the application of chitinase in the antifungal gene engineering, this paper briefly and comprehensively described the active substrate, classification, biochemistry, induced expression and co-expression of chitinase.