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Since the discovery of Systemin in tomatoes in 1991,many additional peptide hormones have been discovered in plants.Plant peptide hormones typically start as small precursor proteins (~100 a.a.),which include N-terminal secretory or anchor sequences,and are post-translationally processed into a smaller hormonally active peptide (on the range of 5-18a.a.).To date,peptide hormones have been shown to have diverse functions in plants,including nearly every aspect of development and morphogenesis.Here,we discuss recent reports regarding the CLV3/ESR-RELATED (CLE) and ROOT GROWTH FACTOR (RGF) families of peptide hormones.