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“外来词”指的是一种语言从另一种语言中吸收进来的词语。外来词是世界各民族文化交流的必然产物。语言大师萨丕尔曾经说过:语言,象文化一样,很少是自给自足的。交际的需要,使说一种语言的人发生直接或间接的接触。一种语言对另一种语言最简单的影响就是词的“借贷”。汉语外来词通常指源自外语的音译词。改革开放以来,汉语外来词大量产生,并且发展迅猛。汉语中的外来词是汉语教学中不可忽视的语言现象,它像一面镜子反映了语言文化交流的种种现象。本文从语用学角度揭示了汉语外来词产生,发展的过程,以及原因和影响。
“Loanwords ” refers to words that a language absorbs from another language. Loanwords are the inevitable product of cultural exchanges among all ethnic groups in the world. Sapir, the language master, once said that language, like culture, is seldom self-sufficient. The need for communication makes direct or indirect contact with those who speak one language. The simplest effect of a language on another language is the lending of the word. Chinese loanwords usually refer to transliteration words that originate in a foreign language. Since the reform and opening up, Chinese loanwords have been produced in great numbers and developed rapidly. Loanwords in Chinese are indispensable linguistic phenomena in Chinese teaching. They reflect the phenomena of language and cultural exchanges like a mirror. This paper reveals the process of the production and development of loanwords in Chinese from the perspective of pragmatics, as well as the reasons and influences.