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目的了解修武县手足口病的流行规律、变化趋势,为制定更加有效的防控对策和措施提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对2008—2012年修武县手足口病疫情资料进行分析。结果 2008—2012年修武县累计报告手足口病病例1 214例,年均发病率为85.09/10万,各年发病率分别为29.41/10万、105.92/10万、128.08/10万、117.10/10万、44.28/10万,各年的发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。不同地区发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),岸上乡年均发病率最高为177.87/10万,其次为西村乡、方庄镇发病率分别为164.00/10万、106.34/10万,郇封镇最低为63.45/10万。发病高峰为3—6月,共报告病例705例,占58.07%。男性810例,女性404例,男女性别比为2∶1;3岁及以下儿童发病1 119例,占92.17%;病例以散居儿童为主,共报告994例,占81.88%,其次为托幼儿童203例,占16.72%。实验室诊断病例67例,其中EV71 33例(占49.25%)、CoxA16 12例(占17.91%)、其他肠道病毒22例(占32.84%)。结论 3岁及以下散居儿童是修武县手足口病防治的重点人群,今后要进一步做好健康教育及宣传工作,降低手足口病的发病率。
Objective To understand the epidemic rules and trends of hand-foot-mouth disease in Xiuwu County, and to provide basis for making more effective prevention and control measures and measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic situation of HFMD in Xiuwu County from 2008 to 2012. Results A total of 1 214 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease were reported in Xiuwu County from 2008 to 2012, with an average annual incidence rate of 85.09 / 100 000 and annual incidence rates of 29.41 / 100000, 105.92 / 100000, 128.08 / 100000, 117.10 / 100000, 44.28 / 100000, the incidence of each year difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). The incidence rates in different areas were significantly different (P <0.01). The highest average annual incidence rate was 177.87 / 100 000 in Shixian Township, followed by that in Xicun Township and Fangzhuang Town was 164.00 / lakh and 106.34 / lakh respectively, Feng town minimum 63.45 / 100,000. The peak incidence of 3-6 months, a total of 705 cases were reported, accounting for 58.07%. There were 810 males and 404 females, with a sex ratio of 2: 1. A total of 119 children (3 years old and younger) were found, accounting for 92.17%. Of the total, 994 were children of diaspora, accounting for 81.88% 203 cases of children, accounting for 16.72%. There were 67 cases diagnosed in laboratory, including 33 cases of EV71 (49.25%), 12 cases of CoxA16 (17.91%) and 22 cases of other enteroviruses (32.84%). Conclusions Diasporic children aged 3 years and under are the key population in prevention and treatment of hand, foot and mouth disease in Xiuwu County. In the future, health education and propaganda work should be further improved to reduce the incidence of HFMD.