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先秦时期“尚/且/犹……而况”句式及其变体不仅意义相近,而且使用频繁,这为“尚且……何况”的出现提供了有利条件。“尚且”一词由联合式短语词汇化为副词,然后进一步虚化为连词。“何况”首先由表加重反问语气的副词“何”和表“更加”义的副词“况”结合成跨层结构,然后词汇化为关联递进复句的连词。“尚且……何况”类句式的基本语义是:用一种更甚的情况作为让步,在此基础上用反问的方式推论出更进一层的情况;其主要的语用功能有:对比强调功能、主观肯定功能和篇章衔接功能。
Pre-Qin period “yet / and / Utah ... and condition ” sentence and its variants not only have similar meaning, but also frequent use, which provides favorable conditions for the appearance of “Shang Shang ......”. The word Shang Shang is conjunct phrase to adverb, and then further blur to conjunctions. “Not to mention ” First, the adverb “He ” of the questionnaire aggravating the rhetorical question and the adverb “condition ” of the table “more ” are combined into a cross-layer structure, and then the lexicon is connected with the progressive compound sentence. The basic semantics of the sentence type of “Shang Shang ...... not to mention” is: Concession is used in a more specific situation, and on this basis inference is used to deduce a further layer of situation; its main pragmatic function is : Contrast emphasizes function, subjective affirmation function and chapter cohesion function.