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为了深刻理解自发性气胸发病机理和临床处理原则，获得更佳疗效，本文分析了北京协和医院和唐山嘉盛医院1964年至1996年间，开胸手术治疗原发性自发性气胸68例，继发性自发性气胸3例，和单纯胸腔闭式引流处理继发性自发性气胸的56例，均获得满意治疗结果。文章对自发性气胸的病因、肺大疱与气胸的鉴别、血气胸、局限性气胸、双侧自发性气胸、以及电视胸腔镜外科治疗自发性气胸均做了较详细讨论。认为原发性自发性气胸于第2次发作后应进行开胸手术切除胸膜下肺大疱和胸膜磨擦，对继发性自发性气胸，应慎重考虑开胸手术，一般单纯胸腔闭式引流即可获得有效的治疗结果。
In order to deeply understand the pathogenesis of spontaneous pneumothorax and clinical treatment principles, to obtain better efficacy, this article analyzes the Beijing Union Medical College Hospital and Tangshan Jiasheng Hospital from 1964 to 1996, thoracotomy in the treatment of 68 cases of primary spontaneous pneumothorax, secondary 3 cases of spontaneous pneumothorax and 56 cases of secondary spontaneous pneumothorax treated with closed thoracic drainage only achieved satisfactory results. The article discussed the causes of spontaneous pneumothorax, the identification of bullous vesicles and pneumothorax, hemothorax, localized pneumothorax, bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax, and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for spontaneous pneumothorax were discussed in more detail. That the primary spontaneous pneumothorax in the second episode after thoracotomy should be carried out removal of subpleural bullae and pleural friction, secondary spontaneous pneumothorax should be carefully considered thoracotomy, generally simple thoracic drainage closed Get effective treatment results.