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With considering the characteristics of keyhole plasma arc welding (K-PAW ),the resonant frequency between arc and molten pool was solved in the frequency range 15000 Hz to 72000 Hz by finite element modal analysis.CLAM steel flat butt arc-ultrasonic PAW test was carried out to evaluate the effect of arc-ultrasonic frequency on weld structures.Experimental result confirmed that arc-ultrasonic with resonant frequencies treatment are more efficient than non-resonant frequencies treatment in terms of grain size reduction and structure homogenization.But resonant frequency treatment has little effect on breaking up dendritic structures further and forming equiaxed structures at the lower part of the weld.