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目的探讨痢疾疫苗诱导粘膜产生免疫应答的调节机制，为研制安全有效的痢疾疫苗提供免疫学的理论依据。方法以本室构建的两株福氏２ａ、宋内氏双价痢疾候选疫苗ＦＳ－２１１７与ＦＳ－５４１６经不同途径免疫小鼠，分离小鼠ＰＰ结（Ｐｅｙｅｒｓｐａｔｃｈｅｓ）与脾脏中的ＣＤ４＋Ｔ细胞并以ＭＴＴ法检测其对疫苗不同抗原成分的增殖反应。结果（１）口服痢疾疫苗可诱导ＰＰ结中的ＣＤ４＋Ｔ细胞产生显著的增殖反应，而未对脾脏中的ＣＤ４＋Ｔ细胞产生刺激作用；（２）皮下注射痢疾疫苗能使小鼠脾脏中的ＣＤ４＋Ｔ细胞产生显著的增殖反应，但未见ＰＰ结中的ＣＤ４＋Ｔ细胞产生明显的免疫应答；（３）痢疾疫苗可能有多种抗原成分参与了刺激肠粘膜ＰＰ结中ＣＤ４＋Ｔ细胞的增殖反应。结论口服痢疾候选疫苗可有效地诱导肠道粘膜产生免疫应答；免疫应答的产生可能依赖多种抗原成分的共同作用。ＰＰ结中ＣＤ４＋Ｔ细胞的特异性活化可能是诱导肠道粘膜免疫应答最重要的早期事件。
Objective To investigate the regulatory mechanism of diarrhea vaccine induced mucosal immune response and provide immunological theoretical basis for the development of safe and effective diarrhea vaccine. METHODS: Two strains of Freund’s 2a and Schwann’s diarrhea dysentery vaccine FS-2117 and FS-5416 were immunized by different routes to separate the mouse PP-bearing (Peyerspatches) and splenic CD4 + T cells MTT assay was used to detect the proliferative responses to different antigenic components of the vaccine. Results (1) The oral dysentery vaccine induced a significant proliferative response of CD4 + T cells in the PP node without stimulating the CD4 + T cells in the spleen; (2) The subcutaneous injection of the dysentery vaccine resulted in the production of CD4 + T cells in the spleen of mice But no obvious immune response was found in the CD4 + T cells in the PP junction. (3) There may be many antigenic components in the dysentery vaccine involved in stimulating the proliferative response of CD4 + T cells in the PP junction of the intestinal mucosa. Conclusion Vaccination with oral dysentery vaccine can effectively induce intestinal mucosal immune response; immune response may depend on the combination of a variety of antigen components. Specific activation of CD4 + T cells in the PP junction may be the most important early event in inducing an intestinal mucosal immune response.