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我们去日本考察时,专门了解了日本企业统计的情况,以后又收集了美国、德国等国家有关企业统计的一些资料,对发达的市场经济国家的企业统计有了些感性认识。仅从我们了解到的几个国家的情况看,他们的企业统计有这样几个特点:第一,统计在企业中非常受重视,统计应用的领域非常广泛。企业的市场调查、商情预测、经营决策、技术开发、产品设计、生产管理、质量控制、产品销售、财务管理、企业文化等各个方面都运用了统计方法和思想。第二,企业统计是企业自身的行为。除了按法律规定向政府提供有关统计数据以外,政府对企业统计无权干涉。企业统计只对出资人或管理者负责并为其服务。第三,虽然统计在企业中的地位很高,但大多数企业没有专门的统计机构,统计的职能分散在各个部门,经理、工程师、设计师、会计师都是精通统计业务的专家。 再看看目前我国企业统计的状况。我们曾到人才就业市场做过调查,除少数政府机关招聘统计人员外,企业很少招聘统计人员,同其原因,一是国有企业的统计岗位已经人员饱和,二是具有市场经济特征的“三资”企业等基本不设专门统计机构。一些
When we went to Japan to study, we learned about the statistics of Japanese companies. Later, we collected some statistics on the statistics of enterprises in the United States and Germany and some sensations on the statistics of enterprises in developed market-economy countries. Only from the situation in several countries we have learned, their business statistics have several characteristics: First, statistics are very valued in the enterprise, the field of statistical applications is very extensive. Statistical methods and ideas are applied in all aspects of market research, business forecasting, business decision-making, technology development, product design, production management, quality control, product sales, financial management, and corporate culture. Second, business statistics is the company’s own behavior. In addition to providing relevant statistics to the government as required by law, the government has no right to interfere with the statistics of enterprises. Corporate statistics is solely responsible for, and serves, investors or managers. Thirdly, although statistics hold a very high position in the enterprise, most enterprises do not have specialized statistical agencies. The functions of statistics are scattered among various departments. Managers, engineers, designers and accountants are experts proficient in statistics. Look at the current situation of China’s corporate statistics. We have conducted surveys on the job market for employed personnel. Except for a small number of government agencies that recruit statisticians, enterprises seldom recruit statisticians for the same reason. First, the statistic posts of state-owned enterprises have become saturated with personnel. Second, there are “three Capital ”enterprises do not set up special statistical agencies. some