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目的了解老年人对地震备灾相关知识的掌握情况及其相关因素。方法 2013年10月-11月采用自行设计的问卷,对四川地震灾区的1 509例老年人进行调查,用6个条目测试地震备灾相关知识的掌握情况,采用5级评分法,每个条目1~5分,总分6~30分。结果老年人地震备灾相关知识得分为(13.33±4.85)分;地震备灾相关知识主要来源于电视(76.87%);地震备灾相关知识的掌握与职业、文化程度、婚姻状况、居住地、自身受伤情况、健康状况、获取地震知识途径、预测地震再发生风险等因素相关(P<0.05)。线性回归分析结果示,文化程度越高、有配偶、居住在城市、地震知识来源途径越多、老年人预测今后地震再发可能性越大是地震备灾知识掌握的促进因素。自身受伤、健康状况差是阻碍老年人地震备灾知识掌握的因素。结论老年人地震备灾相关知识缺乏,知识来源途径较单一,地震备灾相关知识的掌握受多因素的影响,应根据不同老年人的特点,有针对性地开展多途径的地震备灾知识培训。
Objective To understand the mastery of the knowledge about earthquake preparedness among the elderly and its related factors. Methods A total of 1,509 elderly people in the quake-stricken area of Sichuan Province were surveyed from October to November 2013 using a self-designed questionnaire. Six items were used to test the mastery of earthquake-related knowledge of disaster preparedness. Five grades were used. Each item 1 to 5 points, a total of 6 to 30 points. Results The related knowledge score of earthquake preparedness for the elderly was (13.33 ± 4.85) points. The knowledge related to earthquake preparedness mainly originated from television (76.87%). The knowledge of earthquake preparedness related to occupation, education, marital status, Self-injury, health condition, access to earthquake knowledge, and prediction of the risk of earthquake recurrence (P <0.05). The results of linear regression analysis showed that the higher the education, the spouse and the city live, the more sources of earthquake knowledge are. The more the elderly predict the possibility of earthquake recurrence in the future, which is the promotion factor of knowledge of earthquake disaster preparedness. Their own injuries, poor health status is obstructing the elderly knowledge of earthquake preparedness. Conclusion There is a lack of knowledge about earthquake disaster preparedness for older people and a single source of knowledge. The mastery of earthquake-related knowledge is affected by many factors. Multi-channel earthquake preparedness training should be conducted according to the characteristics of different aged people .