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目的了解医学生对紧急避孕知识的认知和教育需求状况,为学校开展相关生理知识教育提供依据。方法对上海某医学院校2014年6—9月期间所有在校学生1 800名进行避孕认知和教育状况的匿名问卷调查。结果 7.4%的医学生能正确认知紧急避孕的有效方法,59.0%的学生能正确认知左炔诺孕酮类紧急避孕药的正确服用方法,21.9%的学生误认为紧急避孕能代替常规避孕。对紧急避孕药的避孕原理、是否会对已怀孕妇女或胚胎造成伤害、正确服用方法、避孕有效性,以及宫内节育器可作为紧急避孕的有效方法 5个问题的认知,接受和未接受妇产科专业课程学习的学生之间差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。21.3%的医学生有大学前相关知识和教育经历,但其中86.8%表示对所学课程不满意。83.8%从未与父母谈论过紧急避孕相关话题,69.3%从未主动搜寻过相关知识,电视和网络(59.3%)是主要紧急避孕知识的获取途径。12.8%的学生表示完全不了解紧急避孕相关知识,80.8%的学生认为有必要开展紧急避孕教育。结论医学生对紧急避孕知识认知水平较低,而教育需求普遍较高。学校和社会应加强正确的教育、宣传和引导,在紧急避孕知识教育中发挥积极作用。
Objective To understand the medical students’ understanding of emergency contraception and their educational needs, and to provide the basis for the school to carry out relevant physiological knowledge education. Methods Anonymous questionnaires were conducted on the status of contraception and education of 1,800 students in a medical school in Shanghai from June to September, 2014. Results 7.4% of medical students can correctly understand the effective method of emergency contraception, 59.0% of students can correctly understand the correct method of taking levonorgestrel emergency contraception, 21.9% of students mistakenly believe that emergency contraception can replace conventional contraception . The contraceptive principles of emergency contraception, whether it will cause harm to pregnant women or embryos, the correct method of taking, the effectiveness of contraception, and the effective method of IUD as an emergency contraception Cognitive, accepted and unacceptable Obstetrics and Gynecology courses to study the difference between the students were not statistically significant (P> 0.05). 21.3% of the medical students had pre-university knowledge and education experience, but 86.8% said they were not satisfied with the course they studied. 83.8% never talked about the topic of emergency contraception with their parents, 69.3% never actively searched relevant knowledge, and television and the internet (59.3%) were the main ways to obtain emergency contraception. 12.8% of the students said they did not understand the knowledge of emergency contraception at all, and 80.8% of students thought it necessary to have emergency contraception education. Conclusion Medical students have a low cognitive level of emergency contraception and generally higher education needs. Schools and the community should step up education, publicity and guidance so as to play an active role in the education of emergency contraception.