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长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lnc RNA)是细胞中一类转录本长度大于200nt(核苷酸单位)的非编码RNA分子,其本身并不编码蛋白或很少有编码蛋白质的功能,且在哺乳动物基因组中普遍被转录。起初认为它是转录过程中的副产物,并不具有生物学功能。随着研究的进展,更多新的lnc RNA被人们所认识,而且还发现其与物种进化、胚胎发育、物质代谢以及肿瘤发生等都有着密切的联系。近年来研究发现Inc RNA在恶性肿瘤中有显著的组织特异性,并且在恶性肿瘤的临床诊断及预后判断中可能发挥重要作用。全文对Lnc RNAs在肿瘤中的研究进展作一综述。
Long non-coding RNA (lnc RNA) is a class of non-coding RNA molecules in a cell whose transcript lengths are greater than 200 nt (nucleotide units) that do not themselves or rarely encode a protein Function, and is generally transcribed in the mammalian genome. At first thought it is a byproduct of transcription, and does not have the biological function. As the research progresses, more and more new lnc RNAs have been recognized, but also found to be closely related to species evolution, embryonic development, metabolism and tumorigenesis. In recent years, studies have found that Inc RNA has significant tissue specificity in malignant tumors and may play an important role in the clinical diagnosis and prognosis of malignant tumors. The article reviews the research progress of Lnc RNAs in tumors.