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以30年(1979~2008年)肥料长期定位试验为基础,探讨长期定位施肥对黄土旱塬黑垆土土壤酶活性的影响及不同土壤酶间相关性。结果表明:SNP和MNP处理可提高土酶蔗糖酶活性,比不施肥对照分别增加19.98%、19.14%;土壤脲酶活性单施M效果最佳,较对照提高30.72%,MNP和SNP处理优于其它处理;MNP提高碱性磷酸酶活性的效果最好、增幅196.5%,单施M和SNP效果次之;单施N可提高土壤蛋白酶活性,较对照增加28.3%,而施P有抑制黄土旱塬黑垆土蛋白酶活性的作用。脲酶与碱性磷酸酶呈显著正相关,相关系数为0.7241,过氧化氢酶与碱性磷酸酶、脲酶呈显著负相关。综合考虑,长期有机-无机NP肥配施是促进黄土旱塬黑垆土土壤良性循环、提高耕地质量的有效施肥管理措施。
Based on the long-term fertilization experiment for 30 years (from 1979 to 2008), the effects of long-term fertilization on soil enzyme activities and the correlation among different soil enzymes were studied. The results showed that SNP and MNP treatment could improve the activity of soil invertase, which increased by 19.98% and 19.14% respectively compared with the control without fertilization. The best effect of soil urease activity was M, which was 30.72% higher than that of the control, and MNP and SNP were better than the other Treatment; MNP alkaline phosphatase activity of the best, an increase of 196.5%, followed by M and SNP alone; N application alone can increase soil protease activity, increased by 28.3% compared with the control, and P inhibition of the Loess Plateau The effect of black earth soil protease activity. Urease and alkaline phosphatase showed a significant positive correlation, the correlation coefficient was 0.7241, catalase and alkaline phosphatase, urease showed a significant negative correlation. Taken together, the long-term organic-inorganic NP fertilizer application is to promote the loess plateau Loess Plateau soil virtuous cycle, improve the quality of arable land management and effective fertilization management.