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目的了解相关人员对基于社区的小学生交通伤害预防与干预的看法和建议,为探索适用于我国基于社区的小学生交通伤害干预策略与方法提供参考。方法采用个人深入访谈和小组访谈的方法,访谈对象包括行政管理人员、卫生研究人员、卫生技术人员、学校教师、交通部门管理人员共14名。访谈内容包括小学生交通伤害方面存在的问题,以及对基于社区的干预模式的看法和建议。结果访谈中提及频次较高的小学生交通伤害方面存在的问题包括家长交通安全意识缺乏和违规行为、交通执法不严、小区内非机动车超速乱穿行、道路硬件设施缺乏以及12岁以下小学生骑共享单车。访谈专家一致认为开展基于社区的小学生交通伤害干预十分必要。以社区为基础的干预可以通过统筹协调、合理分配区域内丰富的可利用资源,提供覆盖教育干预、环境干预、执法干预等综合性干预措施。强调社区参与,尤其注重家庭在小学生交通伤害干预中的重要作用,并将干预触角延伸到校外的时段和场所。结论基于社区的小学生交通伤害干预能够充分满足小学生交通伤害多层面的干预需求。建议开展干预时,充分考虑社区个性化的干预需求和资源配置,根据干预人群心理发展特点和兴趣点选择干预内容和形式。
Objective To understand the opinions and suggestions of relevant personnel on community-based prevention and intervention of traffic injuries among primary school students, and to provide reference for exploring strategies and methods for community-based traffic injury intervention in community-based primary schools in China. Methods The methods of individual in-depth interviews and group interviews were used. The interviewees included 14 administrative staff, health researchers, health technicians, school teachers and transportation department managers. The interview included questions about primary school students’ traffic injuries and their opinions and suggestions on community-based interventions. Results The interviews mentioned that traffic accidents among primary school pupils with higher frequency were related to lack of awareness of traffic safety and irregularities among parents, lack of strict enforcement of traffic laws, speeding of non-motorized vehicles in the community, lack of hardware facilities for roads and riding of pupils under 12 years of age Share a bike. Interview experts agreed that it is necessary to carry out community-based primary school students’ traffic injury intervention. Community-based interventions can provide comprehensive interventions covering education interventions, environmental interventions and law enforcement interventions through overall coordination and rational allocation of abundant resources available in the region. Emphasis on community participation, with a particular emphasis on the important role of families in primary school students’ traffic injury interventions, and the extension of their intervention to extra-curricular time and place. Conclusion Community-based primary school student traffic injury intervention can fully meet the multi-level interventions of traffic accident victims. Proposed interventions, give full consideration to the needs of individual community interventions and resource allocation, according to the psychological characteristics of intervention populations and interest points to choose the content and form of intervention.