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目的了解浙江省嘉兴市秀洲区农村地区本地与流动人口的养犬情况、犬伤暴露后就诊情况、狂犬病知识知晓情况。方法利用整群分层抽样方法,2011年在全区5个镇(街道)抽取2个村,入户面对面调查,采用EpiData 3.0软件建立数据库,SPSS 18.0软件统计分析。结果共调查346户,养犬率45.95%,本地居民养犬率高于流动人口,平均每户1.4只,犬只免疫率6.19%;过去2年内,犬只伤人率为4.83%,90.8%的人及时到医院就诊并全程接种疫苗,7月暴露最高。Ⅲ级暴露者中3.1%同时使用了狂犬病免疫球蛋白,94%知道被猫、犬等动物咬伤后需注射狂犬病疫苗,81.8%(283/346)的人知道犬伤门诊的地点,77.5%知道狂犬病不能治愈;本地人狂犬病相关知识知晓率高于流动人口。结论嘉兴市秀洲区农村地区犬密度较高,免疫率低;有部分暴露者未及时进行规范处置,流动人口的相关知晓率低于本地人口。应加强犬类管理和免疫,规范暴露处置,开展形式多样的健康教育,提高群众狂犬病防范意识和知晓率。
Objective To understand the situation of dogs raised in local and floating population in rural areas of Xiuzhou District, Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province, the condition of post-exposure to dogs and dogs and the knowledge of rabies. Methods By cluster stratified sampling method, two villages were sampled from five towns (streets) in 2011, and the households were interviewed face to face. EpiData 3.0 software was used to establish the database and SPSS 18.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 346 households were surveyed with a dog raising rate of 45.95%. The rate of raising dogs in local residents was higher than that of floating population with an average of 1.4 dogs per household. The rate of dog immunization was 6.19%. In the past two years, dog wounded rates were 4.83% and 90.8% Of people in a timely manner to the hospital for treatment and full vaccination, the highest exposure in July. About 3.1% of grade Ⅲ exposed rabies immunoglobulin, 94% knew rabies vaccination after cats and dogs bites, 81.8% (283/346) knew the location of dog’s wound clinic, 77.5% Know rabies can not be cured; knowledge of local rabies-related knowledge is higher than the floating population. Conclusion The canine density in the rural area of Xiuzhou District of Jiaxing City is relatively high, the immunization rate is low. Some of the exposed people are not regulated in time and the awareness of the floating population is lower than that of the local population. Should be strengthened dog management and immunization, regulate exposure and disposal, to carry out various forms of health education, awareness and awareness of public awareness of rabies to improve awareness.