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目的:总结国内外关于microRNA(miRNA)的DNA甲基化在各肿瘤中的研究进展。方法:应用PubMed及CNKI全文数据库检索系统,以“miRNA、DNA甲基化和肿瘤”为检索词,检索2004-04-2012-05的相关文献,共检索到英文文献401篇,中文文献40篇。文献纳入标准:1)miRNA的生物学特性;2)DNA甲基化的作用机制及与肿瘤的关系;3)miRNA的DNA甲基化与肿瘤发生发展的关系。根据纳入标准符合分析的文献27篇。结果:miRNA在肿瘤发生发展中可发挥癌基因和抑癌基因的作用,DNA甲基化是肿瘤发生的一个重要因素。20%受甲基化调控的miRNA在上游5kb范围内有CpG岛,miRNA的DNA甲基化与CpG岛有密切关系。miR-34、miR-124、miR-9和miR-127的DNA甲基化在各种肿瘤中频繁发生,多数通过靶向调节癌基因或抑癌基因而在肿瘤发生发展中发挥作用。结论:miRNA的DNA甲基化在人类肿瘤中广泛存在,甲基化miRNA可能作为肿瘤早期诊断、治疗、转移和预后的分子标志。
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the research progress of DNA methylation in various tumors at home and abroad. Methods: Using PubMed and CNKI full-text database retrieval system, searching for “miRNA, DNA methylation and tumor” as the search term, and searching for related articles from 2004-04 to 2012-05, a total of 401 English articles were retrieved and Chinese literature 40 articles. Literature inclusion criteria: 1) biological characteristics of miRNA; 2) DNA methylation mechanism and its relationship with the tumor; 3) miRNA DNA methylation and tumor development and development. According to the inclusion criteria, 27 articles were analyzed. Results: miRNA can play the role of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in the development of tumors. DNA methylation is an important factor in tumorigenesis. Twenty percent of methylated miRNAs have CpG islands upstream of 5 kb, and miRNA DNA methylation is closely related to CpG islands. DNA methylation of miR-34, miR-124, miR-9 and miR-127 occurs frequently in various tumors, most of which play a role in tumorigenesis by targeting oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. Conclusions: DNA methylation of miRNAs is widespread in human tumors. Methylated miRNAs may serve as molecular markers for the early diagnosis, treatment, metastasis and prognosis of tumors.